Norms and standards of non-ferrous metal products

All non-ferrous metal products offered by WOLFTEN are manufactured according to specific standards. Clearly defined technical standards guarantee the homogeneity of the materials used, which directly affects the specific characteristics of each structure, machine or equipment, as well as its quality and safety. In addition, some industries require the use of only those materials that comply with well-defined standards.

The properties of each material are confirmed by many different standards created by specific organizations. Many of the standards are similar or even identical in their requirements. This is because certain industries respect and refer to the guidelines of specific organizations – for example, it’s common for U.S. legislation to refer to documents from other technical organizations. Standards detail the parameters of individual products, such as their composition, physical and chemical properties, tensile strength, and required material tests. Whether a product meets a particular standard is confirmed by a material certificate issued by the manufacturer.

ASTM International

ASTM International is the American Society for Testing and Materials and the leading standard-setting organization for materials, products, systems, and services in the United States. American standards are recognized in many industries worldwide – in many countries quality systems, materials testing, and commerce are based on these standards. ASTM International has established over 12,000 standards that apply to a variety of industries and improve the quality of manufactured products and equipment. Categories of ASTM standards apply to iron and steel products, non-ferrous metal products, textiles, plastics, water and environmental technology, and medical devices and services, among others.

Selected ASTM standards that apply to products in WOLFTEN’s offer:

• ASTM B348/B348M-19 – titanium and titanium alloy bars and billets,
• ASTM B265 – titanium and titanium alloy strips, sheets and plates,
• ASTM F67 – specifications for unalloyed titanium for surgical implants,
• ASTM F136, ASTM F1472 – specifications for titanium, vanadium and aluminum alloys for use in surgical implants,
• ASTM B861 – seamless pipes made of titanium and titanium alloys,
• ASTM B862 – welded pipes made of titanium and titanium alloys,
• ASTM B338 – welded and seamless pipes made of titanium and titanium alloys for condensers and heat exchangers,
• ASTM B363 – seamless and welded titanium and titanium alloy fittings,
• ASTM B160 – nickel rods,
• ASTM B162 – nickel plates, sheets and strips,
• ASTM B161 – seamless nickel pipes,
• ASTM B166, ASTM B446 – bars, rods and wires of selected nickel alloys,
• ASTM B637 – cold-hardened nickel alloy bars, fittings and materials intended for use at high temperatures,
• ASTM B408 – nickel, iron and chromium alloy rods,
• ASTM B425 – nickel, iron, chromium, molybdenum, and copper alloy bars and rods,
• ASTM B366 – fittings made of nickel and nickel alloys,
• ASTM B760 – tungsten sheets, plates and foils,
• ASTM B386 – molybdenum sheets, strips and foils,
• ASTM B387 – molybdenum rods and wires,
• ASTM B708 – tantalum and tantalum alloy sheets,
• ASTM B744 – aluminum alloy sheets intended for corrugated pipes.

AMS – Aerospace Material Certification

AMS is a set of standards required by the aviation and space industries, and developed by SAE International. These standards ensure that the necessary quality requirements are met, primarily for safety reasons. These specifications address materials, allowable tolerances, product characteristics, established procedures and quality control processes. AMS standards detail parameters such as chemical composition, specific technical requirements, and specifications. AMS standards refer to materials such as steel, cast iron, aluminum, titanium and various non-ferrous alloys.

Selected AMS standards that apply to products in WOLFTEN’s offer:

• AMS 4900, AMS 4901, AMS 4902 – titanium sheets, strips and plates
• AMS 4911 – annealed sheets, strips and plates made of titanium alloy 6Al-4V
• AMS 4928 – bars and wires made of titanium alloy 6Al-4V
• AMS 7725 – products from heavy tungsten alloys,
• AMS 5662, AMS 5663, AMS 5664, AMS 5665, AMS 5666, AMS 5715 – bars and forgings from nickel alloys,
• AMS 5553 – nickel sheets and strips,
• AMS 5596 – sheets, strips and foils made of nickel alloy 18,
• AMS 6931 – bars, forgings and semi-finished products made of titanium alloy 6Al-4V,
• AMS 2241 – dimensional tolerances, corrosion and heat-resistant steel, iron alloy, titanium, and titanium alloy bars and wire
• AMS 2242 – dimensional tolerances, corrosion and heat resistant steel, iron alloy, titanium and titanium alloy sheet, strip, and plate.

ASME – American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASME standards are published by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, which has brought together professionals from all engineering disciplines since 1880. The association has over 90,000 members from nearly 150 countries worldwide. Its headquarters are in the U.S., and international offices are located in China and India. It’s a non-profit organization involved in standardization and certification, as well as educational activities.

ASME standards relate to a number of applications, and when it comes to non-ferrous metal materials, pressure applications are the most important factor for us. Therefore, we consider the following ASME standards, which complement the ASTM standards with a corresponding number – ASME clarifies ASTM with additional parameters.

• ASME SB -861, ASME SB -862, ASME SB -338 – pipes made of titanium and titanium alloys,
• ASME SB -363 – seamless and welded titanium and titanium alloy fittings
• ASME B16.9 – tees, reducers, bends, end caps,
• ASME B16.5 – pipe flanges and flanged fittings,
• ASME B16.25 – buttwelding ends of piping components to be welded into a piping system,
• ASME SB -160 – nickel rods,
• ASME SB -166, ASME-446, ASME SB -408, ASME SB -425, ASME SB -574 – bars made of corresponding nickel alloys,
• ASME SB -162 – nickel sheets and strips,
• ASME SB -161 – nickel pipes and tubes,
• ASME SB -163, ASME SB -725, ASME SB -730, ASME SB -751, ASME SB -775, ASME SB -829 – nickel and nickel alloy pipes and tubes,
• ASME SB -366, ASME B16.28 – fittings.

PN – Polish Norm

PN is a Polish set of national standards approved by the Polish Committee for Standardization (PKN). Interestingly, the PKN has no influence over the content itself – the organization monitors compliance with the development of PN standards. They’re prepared by experts from approved technical organizations.

European standards are introduced in PN, which is an important element in harmonizing the single European market. When a Polish standard introduces a European norm, it starts with the symbol PN-EN. It’s a confirmation that a certain norm meets the criteria of another standard, which is important for the free movement of goods on the European market. In the case of standards not covered by standardization, norms identical to international standards are introduced, e.g. PN-ISO, PN-IEC.

DIN – Deutsche Industrie Norm

DIN is a set of German industrial standards developed by the German Institute for Standardization since 1917. They’re valid not only in Germany, but are also used throughout Europe. Individual technical parameters are specified in these standards. DIN standard values coincide with the criteria of the Polish PN standard. If ‘EN’ is added to the DIN standard, it means that the standard is also valid in Europe in an unchanged form.

Over 36,000 people are involved in the creation of the DIN standards. These standards relate to the quality of products, their strength and their intended use. DIN standards are important in our industry, for example for fasteners. Different DIN norms describe specific characteristics of bolts, screws, nuts, etc.

Selected DIN standards that apply to products in WOLFTEN’s offer:

• DIN 17752 – wrought nickel and nickel alloy rod and bars,
• DIN EN 10095 – heat resisting steels and nickel alloys,
• DIN EN 10302 – creep resisting steels, nickel and cobalt alloys,
• DIN 17750 – wrought nickel and nickel alloy sheets, plates and strips,
• DIN 939 – double ended studs,
• DIN 125 – plain washers,
• DIN 934 – hexagon nuts,
• DIN 931-2 – hexagon head bolts with shank,
• DIN 933 – hexagon head bolts with thread up to head,
• DIN 912 – hexagon socket head cap screws,
• DIN 975/ DIN 976 – threaded rods,
• DIN 7991 – hexagon socket countersunk head cap screws,
• DIN 963 – slotted countersunk head screws.

AWS – American Welding Society

AWS standards set the parameters for welding. They’re published by the American Welding Society (AWS). Founded in 1919, it’s a non-profit organization that defines criteria for welding and related joining processes, such as welding, thermal spraying and cutting materials. All AWS standards are approved by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). AWS standards are recognized worldwide and often form the basis for welding requirements and for the training and testing of welding supervisory personnel.

Selected AWS standards that apply to products in WOLFTEN’s offer:

• AWS D1.2 “Structural Welding Code – Aluminum”,
• AWS D1.9 “Structural Welding Code – Titanium”.

MIL – Military Industry

Developed by the U.S. Department of Defense, MIL standards are used for materials and products used in the defense and arms industry. The military standards describe the processes and materials used to manufacture each product. The Department of Defense standards are sometimes used by other government, technical, and industrial organizations. The standards with the MIL -T prefix apply to titanium materials.

Selected MIL standards applicable to products in WOLFTEN’s offer:

• MIL -T-9046 – specification for titanium and titanium alloy sheets, strips and plates,
• MIL -T-9046 – CP -4 – specification for strips, sheets and plates of titanium Ti Gr1
• MIL -T-9046 – CP -3 – specification for strips, sheets and plates of titanium Ti Gr2,
• MIL -T-9046 – CP -2 – specification for strips, sheets and plates of titanium Ti Gr3,
• MIL -T-9046 – CP -1 – specification for strips, sheets and plates of titanium Ti Gr4,
• MIL -T-9047 – specification for titanium and titanium alloy bars.

ISO – International Organization for Standardization

ISO – an international organization for the formulation of standards developed by independent experts from various sectors of the economy and approved by the International Organization for Standardization, based in Geneva. The standards of ISO refer to the materials produced and the company’s operational and management systems, such as procedures and processes that apply in the organization. Our company has implemented a Quality Management System based on the requirements of ISO 9001:2015 as well as AS 9120B, which specifies precise requirements for the execution of orders for aviation, space and military industries, as well as for the specification of the materials offered. Meeting the criteria of ISO allows for efficiency improvement, standardization in quality management and risk minimization.

API – American Petroleum Institute

The American Petroleum Institute is an organization that sets the standards for the oil, gas and petrochemical industries to increase operational and environmental safety, efficiency and sustainability. The standards set by this institution apply in the local U.S. market, as well as internationally. API conducts and sponsors various studies ranging from economic analysis to toxicological testing. This information is published in the form of regular statistical bulletins.

The norms produced by API include more than 700 standards and recommended practices for the industry, ranging from drill bit characteristics to environmental protection, engineering and operational practices, and equipment and materials used.

ASNT – The American Society for Nondestructive Testing

The American Society for Nondestructive Testing is responsible for establishing standards that describe the appropriate procedure for performing nondestructive testing NDT. This type of testing is designed to detect irregularities and defects in the structure of a material or component in a completely non-hazardous manner. Non-destructive testing includes: acoustic emission (AE), electromagnetic (ET), laser methods (LM), leak testing (LT), magnetic flux leakage (MFL), liquid penetration (PT), magnetic particle testing (MT), neutron radiography (NR), radiography (RT), thermal/infrared (IR), ultrasonic testing (UT), vibration analysis (VA), and visual testing (VT).

UNS – Unified Numbering System

In order to avoid problems with naming conventions in different systems and duplication of numbers for different metal alloys, the Unified Numbering System (UNS) was created to provide a new designation system for over 1000 metals and their alloys. The recommendations for the development of SAE / ASTM standards were listed in the manual published by UNS in 1975 and are still valid today. According to the new guidelines, the norm numbers of the institutions issuing various standards should be designed in such a way that it’s relatively easy to classify individual metals and alloys, taking into account the possibility of new alloys appearing on the market in the future, and also assuming the integration of numbers from the existing numbering systems. A uniform nomenclature facilitates the distinction between different metal groups.

Examples of UNS numbering categories:

• A00001 to A99999 – aluminum and aluminum alloys,
• M00001 to M99999 – various non-ferrous metals and alloys,
• N00001 to N99999 – nickel and nickel alloys,
• R00001 to R99999 – reactive and refractory metals and their alloys,
• S00001 to S99999 – heat and corrosion resistant steels (stainless),
• T00001 to T99999 – forged and cast tool steels.

For our customers we supply materials and products that meet specific needs and comply with the desired standards of global institutions. Our customer portfolio includes companies from the most demanding industries such as aeronautics, medical and military.

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